WAEC/NECO Government Likely Theory Questions And Answers 2017/2018

WAEC/NECO Government Likely Theory Questions And Answers 2017/2018
1a. Explain constitutionalism
Explanation
Constitution is the fundamental laws, principles, customs, convention rules and regulations according to which the government of a country or an organization operates.
Constitutionalism on the other hand is the extent to which those in power adhere to the provision of the constitution.
This means that the activities of government and its officials should be in line with the provision of the constitution.
1b. State four factors that can promote constitutionalism
Explanation
Impartial Judicial system
There must be check and balance
There must be rule of law
The constitution must be supreme
Fundamental human right must be respected
2a. What is separation of power?
Explanation
Separation of Power can be defined as the separation or division of political powers and functions among the three arms of government i.e. The executive, legislature and judiciary. i.e. Each arms of Government should work independently, without interference from other arms. For example, the executive should be solely involved in policy making and implementation or execution. Also that no arm of government should be allowed to perform more than one function to avoid tyranny victimisation and oppression of the citizens. Because power corrupts, and absolute power corrupts absolutely
3. Define parliamentarianism
Explanation
It is a system whereby the head of state is different from the head of government and the legislative and executive power are fused.
3b. Identify four differences between parliamentary and presidential system of government
Explanation
The ministers are individually responsible to the presidential system while fusion of power is practiced in the cabinent system.
The minister are individually responsible to the president and for their actions while the principle of collective responsibility is used in the cabinet system
-The president and his ministers are not members of the legislature in the presidential system but the prime minister and his ministers are members of the parliament
The president can be removed through the process of impeachment by the legislature while the prime minister and his cabinet can be removed through a vote of no confidence by the parliament
4. Define Public Opinion
Explanation
Public opinion is widely shared View in a country. In practice, public opinion refers to Views which are strongly held by the more politically active and conscious citizens.
4b. Highlight three ways by which public opinion can be formed
Explanation
It can be formed through the media
It can be formed by political parties
It can be formed by pressure groups, others are rumours and gossips
4c. In what three ways can public opinion be encouraged in your country?
Explanation
Mass media
Parliamentary Debates
General Elections often provide the most important means of encouraging public opinion, too.
5a. Identify five officials used in the conduct of election on the polling day
Explanation
Party agents
Security agents e.g police
INEC official
Collation officers
Polling agents
Returning officers
5b. State one functions of each of the officials identified in 5(a)
Explanation
Party agents: They are the representative of each party to watch over the conduct of the election of the election
Security agents: They are in-charge of security of poling units
INEC officials: They are the custodians of the election materials
Polling agent: They are the one to return all election results, and unseen material to the [NBC office for collations
6a. Highlight any five functions of the Secretary of State for the colonies in the colonial period
Explanation
He was the highest personnel in the colonies.he oversees all the colonies
He represents the queen of england in any assignment in her colonies
He appoints the governor general
He only comes for important meetings to introduce new policies in the colonies
He also plays a part in decision making.he is a member of the house of lords.
6b. State any two newspapers founded by nationalist in Nigeria after the Second World War
Explanation
Lagos Daily News by Herbert Macaulay
West Africa Pilot by Nmamdi Azikiwe
6c. Highlight any four roles played by Local Newspaper in the struggle against colonial rule
Explanation
It is a means of communication
Development of indigenous press
It is a means of educating the people in west Africa
It is against Discrimination in the civil service
It helps the rise of Trade Unions